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| Published: May 28, 1993 Taken from KeelyNet. Sponsored by Vangard Sciences PO BOX 1031 Mesquite, TX 75150 |
| This article is
in regard to the 1979 version of the Neurophone.
The Neurophone is a device permitting you to hear through the skin
without the signals ever reaching your ears. I.e. the signals are transmitted through the
nerves and are interpreted in your brain by the neurons.
From Bearden "Excalibur Briefing" definitions: The neurophone is an instrument for direct electromagnetic input of signals into the human brain and nervous system. Invented by Dr. Pat Flanagan. His latest version clips an input signal into square waves, differentiates it twice, then feeds the resulting noisy spikes into the human sensory system. The original signal is impressed into the brain and directly into the mind. According to Bearden, an adaptation using more than 11 independent frequencies and built in accord with work by the Soviet Lisitsyn could conceivably be used to accomplish human mind linkage. Lisitsyn paper is said to refer to 11 independent channels in the brainwaves (namely, in the mind-life-consciousness connection to the waves of dendrite firings that make the brainwaves) and these were specifically referred to clipped signals (not sines). For those who don't understand the differentiation process, it means that the output is proportional to the variation of signal strength at its input. (the diagram below shows how the signal is altered and fed into the electrodes) Complex Square Waves Differentiator #1 Diff. #2 Brain Signal Generator Electrodes /-\ _ _ / \ _| |_| |_ _|_ _|_ _ _"_ _'_ ==> | | | Square waves Spikes Noisy Spikes It will directly feed the brain and reproduce sound and information directly in the brain and mind system, without going through the auditory system at all. The electrodes are normally placed one on the forehead and the other one almost anywhere, including on the foot. The square wave clipper reduces the complex signals, their overtones, and their modulations to square waves, retaining the temporal content. When the signal is introduced in the body as pulsed voltages, they are modulated directly on the dendrites firing of the brain and nervous system, providing direct and pulse modulation of the mindfield component channels. Two researchers at the University of Missouri: Dr. Donald York (neurophysiologist) and Dr. Thomas Jensen (Speech pathologist) have reported identifying and decoding 27 words and syllables in specific brain wave patterns and correlating these EEG patterns with both spoken and silently thought words in about 40 subjects. (Tales of mind reading!) There are also 2 patents involved: USP 3,393,279 Nervous System Excitation Device (16 Jul 1968) USP 3,647,970 Method and System for Simplifying Speech Waveforms The information package from Rex research has some excellent reprints about it. One article was "BioCybernetics II" by G. Harry Stine in Analog Science Fact/Fiction (date unknown). At one time, DARPA would have loked at it as a possible way of computer recognition of EEG patterns. Flanagan initially found the principle while playing with electronic stuff in his parent's home when he was a 17 year old. It was a proof of principle demo of a direct linkage between a crystalline electronic circuit and the colloidal system of the human nervous system. (I think the author meant solid state when he said crystalline, although I'm more confused because he also says that the pioneer setup was using 6L6 vacuum tubes running as a 35 KHz oscillator. Also, I'm not sure about the "colloidal" characterization of the nervous system. Anybody knowledgeable in biology out there?) The output of the oscillator was amplitude-modulated by the output of any single channel audio system through suitable impedance matching transformers, etc. The 35 KHz signal was then stepped up to 4,000 volts but at very high impedance to a length of twin-lead TV antenna wire, to then be fed to electrodes taken from a muscle relaxing device. The electrodes were made of 1/16 inch rubber sheet, a piece of copper window screen, and rubber to cover the screen to prevent electrical shocks. From the patents, there are many adjustments involved. However, the article says: put a signal into the neurophone input, peak the frequency, peak the modulation to 100%, and hold the electrodes to your body, anywhere. And you'll hear the sounds/music playing in your head. It worked better on the bare skin but it would also work through a layer of clothing. Dr. Henry Puharich is said to have developed a similar device but the pads were one inch copper plates that had to be rubbed along the skin to achieve his "fricative effect" to work. From some experiments conducted at the Huyck Research Center in Stamford, Connecticut in June 1963, it was shown that the neurophone effect was not the result of a) the pads acting as electrostatic loudspeaker, He says: We now know that it operates by direct linkage of the electronic circuitry with the nervous system through electromagnetic fields. Yet, we don't know how Flanagan cracked the neural code for audio data transmission to the proper sector of the brain. What happened to the neurophone? The Huyck Research Center considered that it could not get a patent position because they were already very busy with all sorts of patents and production problems: after all, there is a limit to how much new development can be absorbed by a company at one time. Anyway, they completely wrote off their corporate research program. Dr. Wayne Batteau (now deceased) had also done considerable work in that area. The last he heard of Flanaga, he was somewhere in California as one of the top experts in pyramidology. Big science did not kill it but it was complacent and Academia was never consulted. At the time of the article, the nueurophone was said to have been dormant for 14 years. By now, it should be clearly in the public domain as the patents protection expires after 17 years. That also means that someone who would start making them could also be quickly copied, with all the impact that ensues. There was an article published in "Innergy News" in June 1980. It said that the neurophone had been out for nearly 5 months. Several people had reported that their ability to remember data is increasing. It also mentions that Dr. Sheldon Deal of Tucson, the president of the Intnl College of Applied Kinesiology, had published a paper on neurophone research. The title of the paper was "Meridian Balancing by Use of the Neurophone" and it was reproduced in its entirety in the June 80 issue of Innergy news. The skin is said to be both piezo electric and opto electric, that is when it is stimulated by an electric or photon field, it vibrates. If mechanically stimulated, it will generate its own electric and photon field. Blind people had been trained to see with their fingers in Russia. Deaf people have been trained to hear with their fingertips. (without the neurophone). Dr. Flanagan is also the author of the book "Pyramid Power". The device would use some hyperspatial nested modulation technology. The square waves used are analogous to the clipped waves that Lisitsyn confirmed as carriers of the human brain waves. (remember the 11 channels of the brain?) The electrodes were made of zirconium titanate imbedded in acrylic to provide maximum impedance match to the skin. With his research with Dr. Batteau, Dr. Flanagan found that the nervous system uses time ratios as major sources of intelligent information. It was found that speech intelligibility was contained in time dominant ratios of the speech waveform. Speech quality was found to be contained in the dominant frequency ratios. The neurophone suppresses the frequency domain and amplifies the time domain of the sound signal. This one reason why the neurophone sounds so scratchy when one first begins to listen to it. They had also used it to balance meridians of the body. They simply played two minutes of pink noise through the neurophone and retested 10 acupuncture meridians. The meridians were remaining in balance two weeks later. Some of the patients commented on cessations of seizures, improved sleep, total relaxation, improved respiration, better concentration and cessation of pain. It was also clearly established that the neurophone was not operating by bone conduction. Some of the possibilities opened by the neurophone are: 1. increase in telepathic awareness Much more research would be needed for electronic vision via the skin. It is said that the neurophone is made available to the layman as an experimental aid to meditation, electronic learning machine, experimental device for balancing bio-energy systems of the body. No name or address of Flanagan is given but he would be 59 year old by now (1993). His first patent application was when 14 year old but it was rejected on the basis that it would go against all known laws of science. Later on, after an article ran by Life magazine, he was successful in patenting it as he brought the device for demo to the patent examiner and they tested it on one of their deaf employees. Flanagan was 17 years old then. While working on Man-dolphin communication, he became interested in nerve signal information encoding and developed circuits to duplicate the pattern recognition observed in the nervous system. This led to work in cryptography. He developed a top secret sound scrambler virtually impossible to decode based on his reaserch. He also worked on reproducing the precise encoding of the cochlea and the 8th cranial nerve. When he applied for a patent, it was immediately classified top secret by the NSA. He had spent 14 years on it so he certainly was not interested in not reaping the benefits of the research. So he challenged the secrecy order for 5 years before finally being granted a patent on it. Another 5 years of research and he developed a circuit to recognize the time relationships in the signal waveform and generate a time encoded square wave signal.(1978) The original neurophone was using 3000 volts via electrodes. The new neurophone uses only 50 volt square waves applied via ceramic disks to allow the energy field to affect the skin without a current flow. It causes the skin to vibrate internally and it can be heard by others if they place their ears near the point of electrode contact with the skin. The basis behind the skin sensing mechanism resides in the Pacinian Corpuscule which is a special nerve neding that transforms mechanical vibrations or pressure into nerve impulses. Until 1980, it was tought that it could only work at low frequencies of stimulations. IEEE Transactions on Bio-Medical Engineering, Vol BME-27, No.10, Oct 80, had an article on that by Fernando Grandori and Antonio Pedotti of Milan, Italy: it can react to very high frequencies and responds best to square wave stimulus. If you take the neurophone electrodes and apply a 50 volt sinusoidal audio signal, it will be perceived weakly. If you use 50 volt but with square waves, the signal will be perceived to be 10 times as loud. Pacinian corpuscules are located over the entire skins surfaces, with greater concentration in the finger tips and sexual organs. Dr. Flanagan is also said to have researched bio-energy enhancement and would have developed instruments to measure the response of the body to exercise, clothing, environment, diet, meditation, and thought. Unfortunately the article copy that I've got is truncated. I can however spot some key words on the use of a crystal receiver to detect something about the bioplasmic field. The 8 Hz bioplasmic signal is said to be in harmony with earth resonance. 8 Hz is a sub- harmonic of the 256 Hz middle C of the scientific music scale. Middle C is also the resonant frequency of the King's chamber of the Pyramid of Cheops. 8 Hz is also the frequency of perfect alpha rhythm during deep meditation. The neurophone could then be used for generating a 8 Hz state of consciousness. I finally read the patent 3,647,970. You should know that it indicates exact values for all the components except those which are part of the 50 KHz generator. The speech waveform is converted to a signal having constant upper and lower levels (square wave) with abrupt transitions from one level to the other, these latter being in time correspondence to amplitude changes in the speech waveform that exceed a predetermined rate of change (that means high-pass filter). The optimum results were found with a high-pass filter of 12 dB per octave slope from 0 to 15 KHz. The patent shows two sets of amplifiers and a 6 dB filter in series. The speech waveform is combined with a high frequency noise (the 50 KHz) to mask signals of lower amplitude prior to processing of the signal. There is an adjustable load resistor at the output of the 50 KHz generator to permit the amplitude of the masking signal to be adjusted to eliminate oscillations caused by noise. The part to square the wave is made with a Schmitt trigger or very high gain amplifiers which saturates quickly, and the signal is then clipped with a bridge of diodes. You need at least one stage of clipping but the patent shows two. The amplitude of the masking signal should not be any greater than required to prevent oscillation, this in order to minimize interference with the processing of the speech waveform. The circuit has 13 NPN transistors (MPS3393 type), 5 PNP transistors (MPS3640 type), and 8 diodes (1N914 type). There are 2 coils of 10 mH used as LC circuit with .001 microfarad capacitors. (The extra coil and capacitor in the 50 KHz circuit are likely made of the same). All other capacitors are of 10 microfarad value. The resistors are mostly 33K value but range amongst 330, 1K, 10K, 33K, and 100K. Some of them are adjustable. Sounds like it should be easy to build one! At that time, they were using discrete components. But why make an op-amp with discrete components when you could just use IC op-amp. If Flanagan is still selling these gizmos, he likely "solid-stated" them for ease of manufacturing. You would still have sections to tune with solid- state ICs. In my info package, there is a section which looks like an instruction manual for the Neurophone Model 50, the THINKMAN. It would be the 50th neurophone design developed by Dr. Flanagan. They describe it as working with a 20 V RMS electric field on its electrodes (called transducers). Maximum coupling of the electric field is said to be provided by the transducers discs (1 inch diam) being made of fragile Zirconium Titanate which has the same dielectric constant as the human skin (imbedded in acrylic to protect it). A stethoscope used near the electrodes will be able to detect local vibrations of the skin. The audio signal will be perceived in the person's head. There are no hazardous voltages or currents between the two electrodes (20 VAC). There are no radio frequency carriers involved in the action of the neurophone. (He must have removed that 35 KHz modulated waves?) It operates from a 9 volt radio battery and lasts 10 hours. The LED probably does not help to shorten battery life. As to location of the electrodes, at first, you have to locate them on your temples (to learn to hear the scratchy sound). After much listening, you can place them anywhere on the body. One user reported excellent listening with one disc on the soft flesh of one leg, and the other on the soft skin of the stomach. But the neurophone must be operated at higher volume than when using temples. Entrainment The brain may initially have difficulty in recognizing the signals due to gaps in perception. Also, the user may not be able to perceive certain frequencies and time domains in portions of the audio spectrum. These holes will disappear with use as the brain learns to recognize these sounds. Since it stimulates some unused pathways to the brain, it may increase intelligence and neural efficiency. Many long term users reported increased awareness, telepathic ability, out of body experiences, better memory, and increased auditory frequency range. Dr. Flanagan is said to have developed extremely high neural efficiency scores from the long use of the device. (What's a neural efficiency score?) A commercial pilot reported recovery of hearing damaged due to aural trauma from loud engine noise heard while on his job. Remember that it is still considered an experimental device. G. Harry Stine wrote a book "Silicon Gods" published by Dell and discusses the possibility of using the device as a part of mind- computer link in which the power of the human mind could be amplified by millions of time. That should be a good to read. Bearden was also expressing the same idea in Excalibur Briefing but to link multiple minds together. (He referred to the group mind linkage "gestalt" that would combine to create a larger, super intelligent being which Bearden named ZARG. The THINKMAN is based on patent 3,647,970. And one more thing! Sensations of odor, taste, touch and vision have been produced neurophonically but detailed procedures and experimental verifications were not developed as of July 1966, the date of an evaluation by Huyck Research Center. Virtual Reality, here we come!
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